Biomarker discovery starts with a small number of samples in the form of preclinical exploratory studies to identify promising biomarkers form a pool of diseased and non-diseased groups.
Importance of Molecular Biomarkers in Non-communicable diseasesMass spectrometry is a tool that helps in characterizing the proteins. It measures the mass of protein molecules through different steps and using different components and show a positive response to a protein biomarker research.
Importance of Molecular Biomarkers in Non-communicable diseasesAccording to several reports, micro RNA plays a critical role in myocardial infarction (Fichtlscherer et al., 2010). MicroRNA helps in controlling many biological processes and plays a role in health and heart diseases. Depletion of Dicer (a microRNA processing enzyme) leads to various defects in angiogenesis, vessel formation and cardiac development (Van Rooij and Olson, 2007).
Importance of Molecular Biomarkers in Non-communicable diseasesLipoproteins play a vital role in cardiovascular diseases as a major risk factor. Specifically lipoprotein (a) which is a LDL like molecule, is a predictor of the cardiovascular diseases. Other LDL like apo B and apo A-1 are also used as biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases (Sandhu et al., 2016).
Importance of Molecular Biomarkers in Non-communicable diseasesBiomarker development has served as an indicator of disease progression and response to therapeutic intervention. The conventional approach involved the study of molecules (considered as biomarker) in regulatory pathways but with the advent of technologies and resources, the development and discovery of biomarkers gotten easier.
Importance of Molecular Biomarkers in Non-communicable diseases, research and development, technologyThe concept of personalized medicine was first promoted with pharmacogenomics data on oncology trials which demonstrated subject’s unique genetic makeup (genome) influence on their response to medications (The Office of the Commissioner FDA, 2015).
biochemistry, Importance of Molecular Biomarkers in Non-communicable diseasesBiomarkers range from a simple molecule to a complex substance; from basics like blood pressure and pulse to a more composite lab tests of various body parts including blood and tissues. However, biomarkers are merely a medical sign like any other. It is one of the most objective and measurable clinical signs a modern laboratory can have.
Importance of Molecular Biomarkers in Non-communicable diseasesA bio marker or biological marker, are defined as an indicator of a biological state of a living body. It is a characteristic that is measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biological processes.
Importance of Molecular Biomarkers in Non-communicable diseases