Category: Learning modules

By Abhinash Jena on February 16, 2026 2 Comments

Organizations can be understood as decision systems in which managers continuously allocate scarce resources under conditions of uncertainty. Simon (1997), conceptualized organizations as decision-making structures in which bounded rationality shapes choices. Rather than optimizing perfectly, managers “satisfice”, selecting options that meet acceptable thresholds under constraints. This view positions the business not merely as a production […]

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By Abhinash Jena on February 11, 2026 1 Comment

Businesses traditionally operated within a transactional paradigm that consists of exchanging products and services for profit. In the modern business landscape, the competitive bottleneck has shifted to a scarcity of analytical thinking.

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By Abhinash Jena on December 22, 2025 No Comments

India presents a polycentric system, where aviation authorities, telecom regulators, security agencies, airport operators, and state governments each control distinct but interdependent approval pathways. In early-stage AAM markets, failures are more frequently attributed to governance fragmentation, certification delays, and inter-agency misalignment than to technological infeasibility.

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By Abhinash Jena on December 13, 2025 No Comments

A data model is a structured representation of how data is stored, organized, and related within a database system.

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By Abhinash Jena on December 1, 2025 No Comments

This article introduces how MySQL Workbench supports that analytical journey by enabling students to explore, understand, and interpret organisational data through structured database environments.

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By Abhinash Jena on November 23, 2025 No Comments

Unlike countries where AAM governance is anchored within a central aviation authority (Wiedemann et al., 2024), India’s institutional landscape is characterised by fragmented, multi-layered, and loosely coupled regulatory actors.

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By Abhinash Jena on October 10, 2025 No Comments

There is a constant decline in the share of public transport due to a failure in providing quality public transport. Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) represents a transformative change for India’s urban mobility paradigm.

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By Abhinash Jena on October 2, 2025 No Comments

Estimating the difficulty of questions is a crucial step in designing quizzes or tests, as it directly impacts assessment validity, student motivation, and instructional feedback. In educational measurement, question difficulty refers to the proportion of students expected (or observed) to answer an item correctly. A balanced distribution of difficulty levels ensures that the assessment can […]

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