Performance optimization of MANET networks through comparison of Routing protocols

Aim- There are different ways to evaluate MANET’s performance. The aim of this milestone is to identify them and explain their use. 

Methodology- Literature review of 3-4 methods used for the evaluation of MANET performance and why they are necessary. It should also explain the suitability of these models, i.e., when and for which manet networks the methods are applied. For example – Machine learning methods could be used with MANET to predict congestion. This method is more suitable when you want to make a prediction about the traffic and control it by making a prediction. Like this, the jutification should be given for each model. The common methods for the use are deep learning, machine learning, and routing protocols.

Structure- To achieve this milestone, write a 1000 words article which includes text along with the diagrams for each of the stated methods. References must not be older than 2015. The article structure would be as follows.

• Introduction – the section will state how different methods exist to examine MANET performance, why optimization of MANET performance is essential, and why selection of the most suitable method for assessment is required
• Main body –
  • Method 1
  • Method 2
  • Method 3 and so on
• Conclusion – This will show a comparative figure to represent the benefits and issues with each of the methods for the MANET case

Aim- The previous milestone titled, “Review of the methods for evaluating MANET performance” defined the different methods which could be applied to MANET performance examination. The milestone will examine different types of routing protocols used for evaluating MANET performance. The routing protocols are majorly used for communication and are popularly now used with MANET to check which method would help in the easy flow of information. This results in the presence of proactive, reactive and hybrid protocols as per their significance. So, while building the article remember to highlight all types of routing protocols and their significance for analysis.

Methodology: Perform a Systematic review of each type of routing protocol. These studies should be published post 2015 in A category journals. Explain how the model is applied and how MANET’s performance is evaluated. You can use the PRISMA diagram to explain study selection criteria.

Presentation: To achieve this milestone, write a 1000-1500 words article in the below structure.

• Introduction – to explain what routing protocols, their significance in MANET, types of routing protocols, and their real-world applications
• Systematic review - Discuss each major type of routing protocol (protocols under proctive, reactive, and hybrid such as AODV, OLSR, DSR, DSDV, TORA, AOMDV, ZRP, and ZHLS. This) with a 1-2 line brief introduction followed by a systematic review table and the discussion below table to describe findings cohesively. So the structure of this section will be:
  • Studies selection process
  • Inclusion and exclusion criteria
  • PRISMA diagram
  • Systematic review table (main part)
• Discussion – summarize the findings from studies holistically
• Conclusion – What does the use of routing protocol with MANET contribute to businesses?

The table used for the systematic review must contain the following columns.

• Author
• Paper title
• Aim
• Methodology (explain the considered dataset)
• Parameters considered
• Network type
• The routing protocol used
• Findings
• Limitations
• Publication year

Here is an example systematic review.

Requirements: Prior experience or exposure to systematic review is preferred.

Aim: Different parameters have been identified by researchers which are applied with routing protocols for building MANET performance evaluation models. The goal of this milestone is to examine those studiess and define the parameters which are normally used while building different routing protocols.

Background: The effectiveness of a routing protocol is affected by the selection of the parameters and their values. Studies have defined different sets of parameters like different numbers of nodes, simulation time, routing protocol, simulation area, packet size, maximum packets, interval, traffic application, mobility model, noise factor, and packet rate. The different simulation parameter values could affect the routing protocol performance, so defining the most relevant parameters is essential.

Methodology: Perform a Systematic review of 20-25 studies published after 2015 in A category journals.

Structure: To achieve this milestone, write a 1000-1500 words article in the below structure.

• Introduction to define how parameters are essential for building effective routing protocol
• A systematic review of all studies in the form of table
• Discussion – summarize the findings of the review by stating the most common parameters
• Conclusion

The systematic review table will include the following columns.

• Author & publication year
• Aim
• Dataset characteristics
• Methodology (clearly specify the dataset)
• Routing protocol used
• Network type
• Parameters and their values
• Findings
• Limitations/gaps in the study

Aim: The goal of this milestone is to compare the performance of different routing protocols used for improving MANET performance. 

Background: Some studies have already focused on the comparison of the routing protocols to define the most optimal one like many researchers compared the performance of proactive and reactive routing protocols. This comparison enables knowing to the reader to determine which protocol is most suitable for which type of data. So, herein the purpose is to examine mobile sensor network data.

Methodology: The Literature review of 10-15 studies needs to be presented which focuses on comparing the performance of different routing protocols. Use only journals papers published after 2015 in A category journals.

Analysis/presentation – To achieve this milestone write a 1000-1500 words article in the below structure. Use diagrams, tables and text.

• Introduction – how different researchers also focused on examining the comparison of routing protocols, and why it is essential
• Comparison of the routing protocols
• Conclusion (existing research limitations)

Aim: The goal of this milestone is to identify studies on hybrid routing protocols for MANET and understand how they contribute to MANET performance.

Background: Some researchers have defined that hybrid routing protocol combining the proactive and reactive protocols advantages work towards tackling delay constraints and also providing better performance than existing proactive and reactive routing protocols. Identify these studies and state how researchers have implemented these routing protocols and how they benefitted them.

Methodology: perform a Literature review of 8-10 studies published after 2015 in A category journals.

Analysis/presentation – To achieve this milestone, write a 1000-1500 words article in the below structure. Use text, tables and diagrams but do not copy them from any source.

• Introduction – hybrid protocols and their relevant
• Impact of hybrid protocols on MANET performance
• Conclusion

Aim: Before building any model of defining any routing protocol, one must have knowledge of parameters, type of routing protocol, nature of dataset or the network type. The knowledge of these things helps in building the relevant model for the problem and identify suitable routing protocol more effectively. Therefore, in this milestone, the purpose is to build a conceptual framework and define the parameters used, selected routing protocols, network type, and nature of the dataset for improving MANET performance.

Methodology: This milestone cannot be achieved without completion of all milestone in Goal 1. Read all those milestones to understand:

• Review of the methods for evaluating MANET performance
• Systematic review of the use of Routing protocols with MANET for improving performance
• Parameters suitable for routing protocols used with MANET for improving performance
• Review of the study comparing performance for the different routing protocols usage with MANET
• Review of hybrid routing protocols' contribution to improving MANET performance

Therefore, once all the above-stated milestones are completed, you can proceed with this milestone.

Now, the next step would be to list out all the parameters, dataset characteristics and the routing protocols for this module. The list will include

• Parameters and dataset characteristics
• Types of proactive routing protocol to be considered
• Types of reactive routing protocol to be considered
• Types of hybrid routing protocol to be considered
• Performance metrics (throughput, packet delivery ratio, packet loss, delay, drop packet, and routing overhead

Once all the details are defined, build the conceptual framework diagram. This will help in defining in most optimal MANET routing protocol for resolving mobile sensor network traffic issues and improving its performance.

Structure and presentation: The language of the article should be precise and clear and should be based on the details and their justification and not too much of unnecessary theoretical explanations. Herein, charts, tables and figures mut be used for presenting your ideas. Do not copy them from any source.

To achieve this milestone, write a 1000-1500 words article in the below structure.

• Introduction of the goal 1 milestones findings with emphasis on defining each routing protocol relevance
• Conceptual diagram for stating the routing protocols, performance metrics and their parameters (this should be originally drawn using MS Word and not copy-pasted from anywhere)
• Discussion – Explain herein why the specific parameters or routing protocols are selected. Why selection is important?
• Research Gaps – what gaps have been there in existing studies? List 2 gaps at least and in 100-200 words for each gap. How this work will contribute in filling those gaps
• Conclusion

Aim: Each routing protocol has a different contribution to MANET performance. This milestone aims to evaluate proactive routing protocol implementation.

Note: You cannot proceed with this milestone until the previous milestone i.e. “A conceptual framework development for comparing and identifying the optimal routing protocol for improving MANET performance” is completed. This milestone will use all parameters for the selected proactive routing protocols like OLSR or DSDV. This article is not a theory-based work but an analytical one, so don’t add theoretical details. It should be precise and in a very clear manner with a focus on routing protocol creation.

Methodology: The performance metrics for comparison would be values of throughput, packet delivery ratio, packet loss, delay, drop packet, and routing overhead. You should have the number of nodes ranging from 5 to 100 and speed from 0-10 m/s for testing. The dataset for the analysis will be generated using the selected parameters specified in Milestone “A conceptual framework development for comparing and identifying the optimal routing protocol for improving MANET performance”. Herein, dataset will be generated using simulation method and tool NS2 or NS3.

Structure: To achieve this milestone, first create the dataset. Then write a 1000-1500 words article in the below structure.

• Introduction – what is the contribution of proactive routing protocol and how it will be developed
• Dataset analysis
  • Simulation design (state the parameters selected for simulation)
  • Test design (state here which node, node speed or any other parameter you want to test)
  • Step-wise method of routing protocol development
    • Step 1 – setting the simulation design
    • Step 2- setting the test design
    • Step 3- routing protocol setting
    • Step 4- running NS2/NS3 simulation
    • Step 5 – Generating in the trace file
    • Step 6 – Analyzing the performance of the routing protocol with each parameter i.e throughput, packet delivery ratio, packet loss, delay, drop packet, and routing overhead
    • Step 7 – Deriving Optimized algorithm for each routing protocol
    • Step 8 – Comparing all the formulated routing protocols' performance
    • Step 9 – Discussing the utility of the optimized algorithm
  • Discussion – which proactive model is most suitable? Support your derived result with secondary data i.e. previously published research papers. Read all Goal 1 articles to write this
  • Conclusion – what do findings signify for proactive protocol usage in MANET performance optimization

Aim: Each routing protocol has a different contribution to MANET performance. This milestone aims to evaluate reactive routing protocol implementation.

Note: You cannot proceed with this milestone until milestone 1 i.e. “A conceptual framework development for comparing and identifying the optimal routing protocol for improving MANET performance” is completed.

Methodology: This milestone will make use of all parameters for the selected reactive routing protocols like AODV or LAR. This article is not a theory-based work but an analytical one, so don’t add theoretical details. It should be precise and in a very clear manner with a focus on routing protocol creation. It should be precise and in a very clear manner with a focus on routing protocol creation. The dataset for the analysis will be generated using the selected parameters specified in Milestone “A conceptual framework development for comparing and identifying the optimal routing protocol for improving MANET performance”. Herein, dataset will be generated using simulation method and tool NS2 or NS3.

The performance metrics for comparison would be values of throughput, packet delivery ratio, packet loss, delay, drop packet, and routing overhead. You should have the number of nodes ranging from 5 to 100 and speed from 0-10 m/s for testing.

Structure: To achieve this milestone, create the above mentioned dataset and write a 1000-1500 words article in the below structure.

• Introduction – what is the contribution of reactive routing protocol and how it will be developed
• Dataset analysis
  • Simulation design (state the parameters selected for simulation)
  • Test design (state here which node, node speed or any other parameter you want to test)
  • Step-wise method of routing protocol development
    • Step 1 – setting the simulation design
    • Step 2- setting the test design
    • Step 3- routing protocol setting
    • Step 4- running NS2/NS3 simulation
    • Step 5 – Generating in the trace file
    • Step 6 – Analyzing the performance of the routing protocol with each parameter i.e throughput, packet delivery ratio, packet loss, delay, drop packet, and routing overhead
    • Step 7 – Deriving Optimized algorithm for each routing protocol
    • Step 8 – Comparing all the formulated routing protocols' performance
    • Step 9 – Discussing the utility of the optimized algorithm
  • Discussion – which reactive model is most suitable? Support your derived result with secondary data i.e. previously published research papers. Read all goal 1 articles to write this
  • Conclusion – what does findings signify for reactive protocol usage in MANET performance optimization

Aim: Each routing protocol has a different contribution to MANET performance. This milestone aims to evaluate hybrid routing protocol implementation.

Note: You cannot proceed with this milestone until milestone 1 i.e. “A conceptual framework development for comparing and identifying the optimal routing protocol for improving MANET performance” is completed.

Methodology: This milestone will use all parameters for the selected hybrid routing protocols like ZRP or ZHLS. This article is not a theory-based work but an analytical one, so don’t add theoretical details. It should be precise and in a very clear manner with a focus on routing protocol creation. The dataset for the analysis will be generated using the selected parameters specified in Milestone “A conceptual framework development for comparing and identifying the optimal routing protocol for improving MANET performance”. Herein, dataset will be generated using simulation method and tool NS2 or NS3.

The performance metrics for comparison would be values of throughput, packet delivery ratio, packet loss, delay, drop packet, and routing overhead. You should have the number of nodes ranging from 5 to 100 and speed from 0-10 m/s for testing.

Structure: To achieve this milestone, create a 1000-1500 words article in the below structure.

• Introduction – what is the contribution of hybrid routing protocol and how it will be developed
• Dataset analsyis
  • Simulation design (state the parameters selected for simulation)
  • Test design (state here which node, node speed or any other parameter you want to test)
  • Step-wise method of routing protocol development
    • Step 1 – setting the simulation design
    • Step 2- setting the test design
    • Step 3- routing protocol setting
    • Step 4- running NS2/NS3 simulation
    • Step 5 – Generating in the trace file
    • Step 6 – Analyzing the performance of the routing protocol with each parameter i.e throughput, packet delivery ratio, packet loss, delay, drop packet, and routing overhead
    • Step 7 – Deriving Optimized algorithm for each routing protocol
    • Step 8 – Comparing all the formulated routing protocols' performance
    • Step 9 – Discussing the utility of the optimized algorithm
  • Discussion – which hybrid model is most suitable? Support your derived result with secondary data i.e. previously published research papers. Read all goal 1 articles to write this
  • Conclusion – what does findings signify for hybrid protocol usage in MANET performance optimization

Aim: The milestone of this article is to have a comparison of the most effective routing protocols.

Methodology: You cannot proceed with this milestone until milestones 2, 3, and 4 i.e. “Implementation of proactive routing protocols for improving MANET performance”, “Implementation of reactive routing protocols for improving MANET performance”, and “Implementation of hybrid routing protocols for improving MANET performance” are completed. This milestone will compare the performance metrics for each routing protocol and then a statement of the most optimal routing protocol

Structure: To fulfil this milestone, write a 1500-words article in the below structure.

• Introduction – to summarize the findings of milestones 2, 3, and 4 of goal 2
• Comparison of routing protocols using their performance metrics
• Discussion – stating why the derived routing protocol is most optimal
• Formulation of framework to implement the selected routing protocol -
  • how the selected routing protocol could be implemented?
  • What challenges can be borne by the company while implementing it?
  • How can companies maximise their returns using this routing protocol-based framework?
  • What are the expected outcomes of implementing this framework?
• Conclusion/summary – explain the future of companies using MANET. How it will grow and how different companies will invest more funds to discover an even more effective framework to eliminate the problem of traffic with the growing mobile sensor network traffic?