This article explains how to perform point forecasting in STATA, where one can generate forecast values even without performing ARIMA.

Time series data requires some diagnostic tests in order to check the properties of the independent variables. This is called ‘normality’. This article explains how to perform normality test in STATA.

Applying Granger causality test in addition to cointegration test like Vector Autoregression (VAR) helps detect the direction of causality. It also helps to identify which variable acts as a determining factor for another variable. This article shows how to apply Granger causality test in STATA.

Heteroskedastic means “differing variance” which comes from the Greek word “hetero” (‘different’) and “skedasis” (‘dispersion’). It refers to the variance of the error terms in a regression model in an independent variable.

The previous article showed how to initiate the AutoRegressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (ARCH) model on a financial stock return time series for period 1990 to 2016. It showed results for stationarity, volatility, normality and autocorrelation on a differenced log of stock returns.

Volatility only represents a high variability in a series over time.This article explains the issue of volatility in data using Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (ARCH) model. It will identify the ARCH effect in a given time series in STATA.